ECDSA

Securing Transactions and Validating Authenticity

The Zodor protocol uses the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm to secure transactions and verify authenticity across blockchain operations. ECDSA appears at three layers:

1. EOA signatures for legacy compatibility

2. ERC-4337 UserOp signing by the smart wallet's owner key

3. ERC-1271 contract signatures so the smart wallet itself can sign messages (for off-chain orderbooks, login challenges, etc.)

Core Mechanism

1. Signature Generation transactions and UserOps are signed with the user's private key (held in the device Secure Enclave on mobile or a passkey on web)

2. Public-Key Verification the sender's public key validates the signature; the EntryPoint runs validation as part of UserOp processing

3. Tamper Detection any data modification invalidates the signature

Primary Applications

• Transaction authorization for asset transfers

• UserOp validation in the ERC-4337 flow

• Off-chain data verification through signed messages (login, dividend claim attestations)

• Bridge message authentication (CCIP MessageId receipts, LayerZero OFT signatures)

Key Benefits

• Authenticity confirms rightful account ownership

• Data Integrity prevents transaction manipulation

• Operational Security protects against fraud

• Efficiency lightweight for scalable operations